- Bubbles circulate down at outside of glass
- Happens as pint settles
- Discovery could lead to new shapes of pint that allow stouts to settle faster
By Rob Waugh
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Generations of beer drinkers have argued over whether the bubbles in Guinness sink while the beer is settling - now scientists have proved it
Generations of beer drinkers have argued over whether the bubbles in Guinness sink while the beer is settling - now scientists have proved it.
It might seem counterintuitive that bubbles might sink, but it's due to the way stouts 'settle' in the glass.
In a standard, tapered pint glass, the bubbles in the centre of the Guinness still rise, but the ones near the side float downwards as the fluid circulates, forming the distinctive head.
For dedicated Guinness drinkers, who spend a significant proportion of their time in pubs waiting for pints to settle, the mathematical analysis of the stout might hold out hope.
The Cornell University scientists think that a different shape of glass could mean that Guinness settles faster - and is thus ready to drink quicker.
The study - involving mathematical simulations of pints and 'anti-pints' - could eventually lead to a pint of Guinness that's delivered as quickly as a pint of lager.
The bubbles in stout are made of a mix of carbon dioxide and nitrogen, as opposed to normal beers, which are carbon dioxide only - giving stout its distinctive 'creamy' texture.
In other words, the entire pint isn't 'foaming downwards', the fluid is just circulating in the glass.
But at least some of the mystery of the black liquid has been preserved - the Cornell University scientists who looked at the complex maths behind why bubbles sink don't entirely understand why it happens.
'The flow in a glass of stout depends on the shape of the glass,' say the scientists.
The scientists simulated the flow of bubbles in the liquid using mathematical models
'If it narrows downwards (as the traditional stout glass, the pint, does), the flow is directed downwards near the wall and upwards in the interior and sinking bubbles will be observed.
'If the container widens downwards, the flow is opposite to that described above and only rising bubbles will be seen.'
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