By Melanie Phillips
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Some years ago, on a fact-finding trip to Munich, I visited the nearby site of the former Nazi concentration camp at Dachau.
It was an unsettling and disturbing experience, beyond being brought up against the horrors that had taken place there. For I found myself surrounded by coach parties of Japanese and other tourists eagerly photographing the camp sights â€" and even posing for snaps in front of the exhibits.
I thought about this queasy-making ‘Holocaust tourism’ when I read about last week’s visit to Auschwitz by seven members of the England football squad, ahead of their first match today in the Euro 2012 football championships being held jointly in Poland and Ukraine.
Members of the England team enter the Nazi concentration camp, Auschwitz, under the sign which translates into: 'Work makes you free'
Of course, the fact that Poland was the epicentre of the industrialised Nazi killing machine, and had virtually its entire population of three million Polish Jews exterminated â€" not to mention the bestial part played by the Ukrainians in the Nazi genocide â€" is impossible to forget.
Many visit the Auschwitz extermination camp, where some 1.5 million Jews and others were murdered, as an educational experience to learn about the unimaginable events of the Holocaust.
Indeed, the England squad’s trip was organised by the Football Association jointly with the Holocaust Educational Trust.
Stain
The former Chelsea manager Avram Grant, 15 members of whose own family were murdered at Auschwitz, spoke emotionally of others coming to see it for themselves as result of the team’s example.
But the FA’s motives appeared rather less elevated when it allowed a number of journalists to accompany the players in order to pool reports of their reactions. Instantly, the trip turned from a private pilgrimage into a PR stunt intended to cleanse the besmirched reputation of English football.
Perhaps it would wipe out the previous images of spoiled players, wives and girlfriends indulging in drunken and unseemly behaviour.
Guide: Avram Grant, whose father Meir survived the Holocaust, showed England around
Cameras: Squad members who did not go to Auschwitz were instead given a tour of the Oskar Schindler factory where Jews were protected from the SS and Gestapo
And perhaps it would replace the impression of indifference to the squalor and poverty beyond their gilded cages that was created when the squad played in South Africa at the 2010 World Cup.
When the Dutch, German and Italian teams similarly piled into the Auschwitz trip, it seemed to be turning into a competition to show who was most caring and empathetic.
This is not to belittle the undoubted revulsion of the players, who reacted as any decent person would when confronted with the evidence of such unique evil.
Indeed, there were fears the trip might rebound, with the players unable to shake off their shock and horror at the images now imprinted on their minds.
Nevertheless, it is distasteful to turn Auschwitz of all places into this kind of media circus. What makes it even worse is that this trip, with its symbolic message that never again will Europeans descend to such barbaric racism, occurred in the same week that black player s in the Holland squad were being subjected to monkey chants during a training session in Krakow, while the black Czech defender, Theodor Gebre Selassie, was abused during his side’s opening game with Russia in Wroclaw.
In eastern Europe today, such racism is a fact of life. Anti-Jewish chanting is not uncommon at matches in Poland. Neo-Nazi salutes and stylised swastikas are used by Polish and Ukrainian gangs.
Threatening: Supporters of Karpaty Lviv hold a German Nazi flag during a football match in Ukraine. Fears are growing that Euro 2012 could be ruined by neo-Nazi rioters
Supporters of the Polish team Hutnik Warszawa have placed stickers in public places showing fans dressed in Ku Klux Klan outfits holding the club flag and standing around a tree with an image of a black man hanging on it.
Ukraine, in whose second city Donetsk England today play France, is even more thuggish. A BBC1 Panorama programme recently showed Ukrainian supporters in Kharkiv beating up Asian fans and giving Nazi salutes.
Even the Foreign Office website now warns British football fans of Asian or Afro-Caribbean descent, or members of religious minorities, to take extra care if they attend the Euro 2012 matches.
Failure
Yet the football authorities have taken no effective action to end these abuses.
Mario Balotelli (pictured here also visiting Auschwitz this week) has said he will walk off the pitch if he is racially abused
On the contrary, after Manchester City’s Italy striker, Mario Balotelli, said that if he is racially abused he will walk off the pitch, Michel Platini, the man in charge of Uefa, replied that any player would be punished if he did so.
Threatening to punish the victims of racial abuse while taking no steps to end it is nothing short of disgraceful.
And this egregious failure by the football authorities to protect black players from racist abuse makes it beyond ironic that these squads are visiting Auschwitz.
Such continuing racism at the geographical heart of the Holocaust, I’m afraid, also exposes the fact that, for all the exhibitions and memorials Europe has erected to the memory of the Nazis’ victims, it has still not properly come to terms with what took place.
Poland, indeed, has rewritten history by casting itself as a principal victim of the Nazis along with the Jews, and denies any complicity in their extermina tion.
Yet, although it is a fact that Poland was invaded by the Nazis, who imprisoned and killed many of its citizens, other Poles savagely assisted in atrocities against the Jews â€" and continued massacring them even after the end of the war.
More broadly, I would argue that Holocaust education has signally failed to prevent widespread anti-semitism in Europe â€" not least because of several countries’ continuing state of denial about their past complicity in such crimes.
Anti-Jewish hatred is now running at epidemic levels in Hungary. There are repeated violent attacks on Jews in France and Sweden. Conspiracy theories about Jews controlling the media or U.S. presidents are now commonplace in British public life.
And everywhere Israel is irrationally blamed for abuses of which it is itself the victim not the perpetrator, in a horrible echo of the deranged prejudice against the Jews that led to Auschwitz.
Inconsistent
Part of the reason is that the Holocaust has been effectively sentimentalised. Stripped of the essential context of European anti-semitism and the unique nature of that hatred, it becomes little more than a parade of unbelievably shocking atrocities.
Football, of course, mirrors society â€" and it currently releases from its followers a host of unlovely prejudices against blacks, Jews and gays â€" not just in Poland and Ukraine, but throughout Europe.
Croatia were fined at Euro 2004 after their supporters targeted France’s black player Sylvain Wiltord and displayed banners bearing Celtic crosses, the symbol of the white power movement; at Livorno in 2006, Croatian fans stood on the terraces in the formation of a swastika and made Sieg Heil salutes.
Juventus supporters once held up a banner about Mario Balotelli with the words: ‘A Negro cannot be Italian.’ Football Against Racism in Europe talks of Spanish fans w ith tattoos and flags featuring neo-Nazi symbols such as Waffen-SS skulls and the number 88, the abbreviation â€" since H is the eighth letter of the alphabet â€" for ‘Heil Hitler’.
In the face of such incidents and many more, the most that Uefa ever does is fine the offending club some nominal sum.
Meanwhile, the British Government has been supinely equivocal and inconsistent over whether it will send representatives to any matches in Ukraine following the jailing of the country’s opposition leader Yulia Tymoshenko, said by political experts to be the victim of ‘mafia-style revenge’ by her country’s President, Viktor Yanukovych.
The air is thick with muddled motives and inappropriate reactions. To draw Auschwitz into this public relations free-for-all was misguided â€" another own goal for the so-called ‘beautiful game’.
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Melanie reminds use that 3 million Polish Jews died in that camp. She then treats us to a rather predictable outpouring on anti-semitism. But what about the non-Jews? Why do the Jewish intelligensia feel the need to own the Holocaust??? Why do apparently intelligent people like Melanie choose to airbrush the fact that the concentration camps contained many others including the Romany, political dissidents and gays. The camps were not a crime against the jews, but a crime against all humanity. And if Melanie thinks that football has got problems with race relations she should consider for one second the issue of homophobia. Perhaps, the footballing authorities will look on at all those victims who bore the pink triangles worn by homosexual inmates and decide that it would be a fitting tribute to come back to England and finally do something about the rampant homophobia in English football.
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Well done on Question Time last week Melanie. A beacon in the midst of gunge!
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"Why didn't they visit the site of the Katyn massacre - where Stalin had 20,000 Polish officers murdered? The USSR invaded Poland, like the Nazsis, and committed atrocities, like the Nazis. Oops I forgot, only the right is capable of evil. Everything else is airbrushed from history. - Adam Murphy, London, 11/6/2012 12:07" Are you honestly saying that people don't think Stalin did anything wrong or that it was "airbrushed"? Are you actually saying that we should leave the Nazis alone because Stalin was bad too?!? These atrocities are crimes of hate that should be condemned no matter where they come from and using them to make a political point shows a breathtaking callousness. I know lots of lovely right-wing people but you, unfortunately, are letting the side down.
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After the war, schools (in the highly bombed area where I lived then-Manchester area/Trafford Park with its many factories) were treated to an afternoon at the pictures, but not as we first thought, for we were there to see the opening of Belsen Concentration Camp. All in Black and while film-very few colour pictures at that time) one man from that film, I have never forgotten. He was like a living skeleton, all skin and bone with a Scull cap on his head, picking over the clothes and he is the one I remember vividly and I wonder if he lived! I remember the piles of dead bodies and I also remember vividly one tall lady MP with all the men going round with them and holding a handkerchief over her mouth and nose and at times with a little bottle of smelling salts. Perhaps it would be against our Human Rights to allow children look at those scenes now. Yet they should know the truth for rights to privacy is already being removed!
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Why didn't they visit the site of the Katyn massacre - where Stalin had 20,000 Polish officers murdered? The USSR invaded Poland, like the Nazsis, and committed atrocities, like the Nazis. Oops I forgot, only the right is capable of evil. Everything else is airbrushed from history. - Adam 11/6 12:07 "Yet, although it is a fact that Poland was invaded by the Nazis, who imprisoned and killed many of its citizens, other Poles savagely assisted in atrocities against the Jews â€" and continued massacring them even after the end of the war. _____________________________________________________________ And at the end of the war 30,000 Serbian Royalist resistance "liberated" from Austrian PoW Camps and told they were going to resettlement camps in Italy were packed into cattle trucks, and instead railroaded to Croat Tito's Communist partisans, in full knowledge, almost from the start, that they were being machine-gunned by them into mass graves - by the Brit ish! No country is perfect.
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it's alright for you to go though eh? how do you reach your decisions on who is and isn't allowed to visit auschwitz?
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Very sad, also, to see posters in Crete this past month, for the Neo-Nazis. Shameful. I agree with other posters who think that any visit to Auschwitz-Birkenau by pampered football players is a good thing. Rightly or wrongly these young men are role models, and their demeanour at Auschwitz and Birkenau will hopefully be noted by young people. For people who have not visited this part of Poland, Poland itself is well worth a visit; Krakow is lovely and has the Oskar Schindler connection, and of course Auschwitz and Birkenau are shocking but everyone on the tour when I was there was simply quiet and respectful (and shocked). Heartbreaking.
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Whoever visits these death camps do so safe in the knowledge that they can leave freely after a quick walk around, over 5 million men, women and children, including the disabled,SOE Operatives, British Commandos, and Resistance Fighters were not that lucky! Lest we forget.
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To claim Auschwitz as unique in its evil diminishes other holocausts such as Armenia,Cambodia and Rwanda.
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if these footballers wanted to visit auschwizt fine, if they were made to visit shame.
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